Prescribing antibiotics to preschool children in primary health care in Croatia

The use of antibiotics depends on cultural and socioeconomic factors, physician's characteristics as well as on microbiological considerations. Aim of our study was to asses antibiotic prescription among preschool children in primary health care in Croatia in relation to socioeconomic factors, symptoms and diagnoses, and type of health care provider. Retrospective longitudinal survey was conducted in 7 teaching primary health care offices in the Croatian capital of Zagreb during 2004, among 1700 preschool children. Antibiotics were prescribed to 611 (46%) children. Significantly more antibiotics were prescribed to boys (66.7%, P = 0.024) and to children whose parents had lower educational level. Most frequently antibiotics were prescribed for the symptoms such as fever (32%), cough (32.5%), nasal discharge (12%), and for the diagnoses such as respiratory diseases (J00-J99) (40%), infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-A99) (31%), and diseases of the middle ear and mastoid (H60-H95) (15%). Logistic regression analyses also predicted correlation of antibiotic prescriptions with socioeconomic factors, symptoms and diagnoses and health care of pediatrician. Prescription of antibiotics for preschool children in primary health care in Croatia related to socioeconomic factors, type of health care provider, certain symptoms and diagnosis groups which should be taken into account when assessing and planning primary health care for preschool children

AMMONIUM, NITRATE AND NITRITE CONCENTRATIONS IN DRINKING WATER OF THE SOUTH BAČKA DISTRICT OF VOJVODINA

Safe drinking water is one of the basic conditions for life on our planet, necessary for all vital processes in the biosphere. Pollution of water sources, largely from wide-scale agricultural fertilizer use, has resulted in nitrate and nitrite contamination of drinking water. Aim: To determine the concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite in drinking water as potential hazards in the settlements of the South Bačka administrative district of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (northern part of Serbia). A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2019. We analysed 8434 drinking water samples (7319 purified chlorinated, 386 untreated but chlorinated, and 729 untreated). For assessing the concentration of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite in drinking water, samples were analyzed by a certified laboratory at the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina using spectrophotometric method. After analyzing samples of purified chlorinated, untreated chlorinated, and untreated water, the exceedance of the prescribed values of ammonium were found in 0.45%, 64.77% and 68.45%, and for nitrites in 0.04%, 5.96% and 0.82% of the samples, respectively. The concentration of nitrate in drinking water concerning the degree of water purification (purified chlorinated and untreated water) exceeded the prescribed value in 0.01% and 5% of the samples, respectively. Determined exceedances of the prescribed limit values for nitrite concentrations recorded in purified chlorinated, untreated chlorinated, and untreated drinking water as well as for nitrate mainly in untreated drinking water, could be considered as potential hazards for human health, especially for the sensitive population group

Characteristics of newly created grapevine varieties Vožd and Vladun

This paper presents the most important morphological and production-technological characteristics of newly created grapevine varieties Vožd and Vladun, intended for the production of red wines. The newly created varieties were compared with the standard variety Cabernet Sauvignon during the three-year period of testing (2015-2017) in the relation studied properties. The variety Vožd obtained from the crossing combination Začinak x Prokupac, and the variety Vladun from the crossing combination Merlot x Župski Bojadiser. The investigated varieties differed considerably in terms of some morphological traits and represents unique genotypes. The newly recognized varieties have a hermaphrodite type of flower, dense bunch, globose berry shape and blue black color of berry skin. The yield, bunch weight, bunch length and bunch width were higher at both varieties than for the standard variety. The Vožd variety had a yield of 1.29 kg/m2 and a bunch weight of 174.3 g, and the Vladun variety had a yield of 0.87 kg/m2 and a bunch weight of 153.7 g. For the standard variety the grape yield was 0.78 kg/m2 and the bunch weight was 134.0 g. The content of sugar and total acids in the must of the Vožd variety was 20.5% and 6.5 g/l, while for the Vladun variety it was 21.8% and 6.0 g/l respectively. Wine of both varieties was drinkable, harmonious, with a specific varietal of smell and taste and contained 12.1 vol. % of alcohol (Vožd variety), or 12.6 vol. % of alcohol (Vladun variety). Due to the many positive features of the grapes and wines from the Vožd and Vladun varieties, their spread to the production vineyards of Serbia is expected

Prescribing Antibiotics to Preschool Children in Primary Health Care in Croatia

The use of antibiotics depends on cultural and socioeconomic factors, physician’s characteristics as well as on microbiological considerations. Aim of our study was to asses antibiotic prescription among preschool children in primary health care in Croatia in relation to socioeconomic factors, symptoms and diagnoses, and type of health care provider. Retrospective longitudinal survey was conducted in 7 teaching primary health care offices in the Croatian capital of Zagreb during 2004, among 1700 preschool children. Antibiotics were prescribed to 611 (46%) children. Significantly more antibiotics were prescribed to boys (66.7%, P=0.024) and to children whose parents had lower educational level. Most frequently antibiotics were prescribed for the symptoms such as fever (32%), cough (32.5%), nasal discharge (12%), and for the diagnoses such as respiratory diseases (J00-J99) (40%), infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-A99) (31%), and diseases of the middle ear and mastoid (H60-H95) (15%). Logistic regression analyses also predicted correlation of antibiotic prescriptions with socioeconomic factors, symptoms and diagnoses and health care of pediatrician. Prescription of antibiotics for preschool children in primary health care in Croatia related to socioeconomic factors, type of health care provider, certain symptoms and diagnosis groups which should be taken into account when assessing and planning primary health care for preschool children

Synthesis and antimicrobial properties of Zn-mineralized alginate nanocomposites

New bioactive and antimicrobial biomaterials were produced by alginate-mediated biomineralization with Zn-mineral phase. The synthesis procedure is simple, cost-effective and resulted in. two different Zn-mineralized alginate nanocomposites, Zn-carbonate/Zn-alginate and Zn-phosphate/Zn-alginate. The presence of Zn-mineral phase and its type, have significantly affected nanocomposite morphology, stability, total metallic loading and potential to release Zn(II) in physiological environment. Antimicrobial experiments showed that both types of Zn-mineralized nanocomposites exhibit strong antimicrobial effect against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. These results suggest that alginate biomineralization, where minerals are salts of essential metallic ions like Zn(II), represents a'good strategy for designing multifunctional biomaterials for potential biomedical applications.This is the peer reviewed version of the paper: Malagurski, I., Levic, S., Pantic, M., Matijasevic, D., Mitric, M., Pavlovic, V., & Dimitrijevic-Brankovic, S. (2017). Synthesis and antimicrobial properties of Zn-mineralized alginate nanocomposites. Carbohydrate Polymers, 165, 313–321. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.064

Prikazi

10. simpozij Anatomija otoka. Klimatske promjene i okolišne budućnosti otoka (L. Runko Luttenberger); Nataša Polgar, Vještica na kauču. Psihoanalitički ogledi o suđenjima vješticama u Hrvatskoj (S. Miličević Vukelić); COVID-19 u humanističkoj perspektivi, ur. Ivana Katarinčić, Jelena Marković, Ines Prica i Ana-Marija Vukušić (I. Matijašević); Ildiko Erdei, Moderni život u udarnom terminu. Televizija, humor i politika u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji (L. Stevanović); Disenchantment, Re-Enchantment and Folklore Genres, ur. Smiljana Đorđević Belići Nemanja Radulović (D. Popović Nikolić); Marta Stojić Mitrović, Evropski granični režim i eksternalizacija kontrole granica EU. Srbija na balkanskoj migracijskoj ruti (R. Pozniak); Kazivanja o snovima u folkloru ruskog severa: “С четверга на пятницу…”. Рассказы о сновидениях в фольклоре Русского Севера, А. Б. Мороз, Н. В. Петров, А. И. Захарова, А. В.Комарова, Н. А. Савина (D. Đurić); Dan Ben-Amos, Folklore Concepts. Histories and Critiques, ur. Henry Glassie i Elliott Oring (D. Vasić); Politički leksikon pandemije, ur. Zlatko Bukač, Biljana Kašić, Jelena Kupsjak, Atila Lukić i Gordan Maslov (Lj. Anđelković Džambić); Nikola Visković, Pravo – politika – bioetika. Zbornik povodom osamdesetog rođendana, ur. Josip Guć i Hrvoje Jurić (I. Filip); Antropološki almanah 3 (V. Benković); Emergency Exit exhibition; If Forests Could Talk, They Would Dry Up with Sadness exhibition (E. Wróblewska-Trochimiuk); Siniša Labrović, umjetnički performansi Iz rječnika i Zid, pljesak, kuća, smijeh (M. Tkalčić Simetić); Umjetničko-antropološka izložba Ovo nije predmet (T. Reznić Brenko); The Soul in the Axiosphere from an Intercultural Perspective, 1-2, Ewa Masłowska, Dorota Pazio-Wlazłowska i Joanna Jurewicz, ur. (D. Vukelić

Prikazi

10. simpozij Anatomija otoka. Klimatske promjene i okolišne budućnosti otoka (L. Runko Luttenberger); Nataša Polgar, Vještica na kauču. Psihoanalitički ogledi o suđenjima vješticama u Hrvatskoj (S. Miličević Vukelić); COVID-19 u humanističkoj perspektivi, ur. Ivana Katarinčić, Jelena Marković, Ines Prica i Ana-Marija Vukušić (I. Matijašević); Ildiko Erdei, Moderni život u udarnom terminu. Televizija, humor i politika u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji (L. Stevanović); Disenchantment, Re-Enchantment and Folklore Genres, ur. Smiljana Đorđević Belići Nemanja Radulović (D. Popović Nikolić); Marta Stojić Mitrović, Evropski granični režim i eksternalizacija kontrole granica EU. Srbija na balkanskoj migracijskoj ruti (R. Pozniak); Kazivanja o snovima u folkloru ruskog severa: “С четверга на пятницу…”. Рассказы о сновидениях в фольклоре Русского Севера, А. Б. Мороз, Н. В. Петров, А. И. Захарова, А. В.Комарова, Н. А. Савина (D. Đurić); Dan Ben-Amos, Folklore Concepts. Histories and Critiques, ur. Henry Glassie i Elliott Oring (D. Vasić); Politički leksikon pandemije, ur. Zlatko Bukač, Biljana Kašić, Jelena Kupsjak, Atila Lukić i Gordan Maslov (Lj. Anđelković Džambić); Nikola Visković, Pravo – politika – bioetika. Zbornik povodom osamdesetog rođendana, ur. Josip Guć i Hrvoje Jurić (I. Filip); Antropološki almanah 3 (V. Benković); Emergency Exit exhibition; If Forests Could Talk, They Would Dry Up with Sadness exhibition (E. Wróblewska-Trochimiuk); Siniša Labrović, umjetnički performansi Iz rječnika i Zid, pljesak, kuća, smijeh (M. Tkalčić Simetić); Umjetničko-antropološka izložba Ovo nije predmet (T. Reznić Brenko); The Soul in the Axiosphere from an Intercultural Perspective, 1-2, Ewa Masłowska, Dorota Pazio-Wlazłowska i Joanna Jurewicz, ur. (D. Vukelić

Otrok in likovna umetnost v prvem in drugem razredu osnovne šole

The nature of the relation between the art and art teaching is dialectical. Art teaching is unthinkable and unrealizable without art substances, and a work of art can\u27t achieve its full sense without educated person capable of experience. Starting from that fact came the idea to explore the perception of the art works at the children in the early school age, in this case at the children in the first and the second grade of the primary school, their preferences and the attitude towards the works of art. It was tried to figure out how much children of the lower school age like to view the works of art and the preferences of the pupils of the lower school age (first and second grades of primary schools) according to work of arts of traditional or modern artistic expression (controlling the influence of the variable — gender), drawings or paintings, figurative or abstract presentation. Children of early school age in a higher percentage choose paintings in relation to drawings (81 % of the pupils of the first grade and 79% of the second grade). Most of the children of the lower school age (69% of the pupils of the first grade and 76% of the second grade) prefer figurative in relation to abstract expression. Most of the children of the lower school age like to view art work.Likovna umetnost in pouk likovne vzgoje sta po svoji naravi v dialektičnem odnosu, saj poučevanje likovne vzgoje ni mogoče brez umetniških vsebin, prav tako pa likovno delo ne dosega temeljnega cilja, če ne razvijamo posameznikovih sposobnosti likovnoestetskega doživljanja. Da bi utrdili to povezavo, smo preučevali percepcijo likovnih del pri učencih razredne stopnje v prvem in drugem razredu osnovne šole. Posebej nas je zanimal odnos učencev do likovnih del. Cilj raziskave se je navezoval predvsem na ugotavljanje odnosa učencev zgodnjega šolskega obdobja do umetniških del tradicionalnega in sodobnega likovnoumetniškega izraza. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 172 učencev prvih in drugih razredov osnovne šole (n = 172). Ob spremljanju odnosa do umetniških del tradicionalnega in sodobnega likovnoumetniškega izraza smo ugotavljali morebitne razlike med spoloma, in sicer glede na risbo ali sliko ter glede na figurativno ali abstraktno umetnost

Effects of physiotherapy in patients treated with chronic hemodialysis

Although physical activity is an important factor in prevention of manychronic, non-infectious diseases, it is rarely used as a regular procedure indialysis patients. Despite the guidelines on good clinical practice, recommendedphysical exercise as a part of routine activities is implemented in avery small number of centers. Factors that contribute to sustainable exerciseprograms are the professional commitment of a multidisciplinary teamconsisting of physiotherapist, nephrologist, geriatrist, social worker, nurse,the incentive and encouragement of the entire dialysis staff for carryingout active exercise, as well as adequate physical space and equipment, withindividualization for each patient in turn. Patients with end-stage kidneydisease who are in the physical treatment program show significant functionalimprovements, especially those associated with the cardiovascular,respiratory and muscular system, as well as with the quality of life. Thereare no reports on serious injuries as a result of participation in the exerciseprogram. This indicates that it is time for physical therapy to be included inthe regular routine care procedure in hemodialysis patients. However, it isnecessary to identify an optimal training regimen in accordance with theindividual characteristics of each patient, in order to make it easier to applythe exercise program